Dutch-Turkish and Moroccan women move up more often after vmbo-g/t
Of all people who were born in the Netherlands between 1988 and 1991 and who lived in the Netherlands at the age of 15 and 28, their school career is monitored. That is more than 720 thousand inhabitants; 16 percent are of the second generation and have one or two parents who were not born in the Netherlands. The level of education at age 15 was compared with the highest completed level of education at age 28. This school career was then classified as outflow (lower level diploma), level, upstream (above level diploma) or no basic qualification (not at least a HAVO, VWO or MBO-2 diploma).
Men | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 11 | 6 | 47 | 36 |
Turkey | 16 | 5 | 46 | 33 |
Morocco | 22 | 4 | 41 | 33 |
Women | ||||
Total | 8 | 3 | 50 | 39 |
Turkey | 8 | 2 | 47 | 43 |
Morocco | 8 | 2 | 44 | 45 |
1) School careers of people born in the Netherlands in 1988 through 1991 |
Women flow more often than men
At the age of 15, more than a quarter of the students in the group studied were enrolled in VMBO-G/T. From vmbo-g/t, completion of havo, vwo, hbo or university is regarded as progression. A completed MBO-3 or MBO-4 program is up to standard and an MBO-2 diploma is lower than expected and therefore a dropout. At the age of 28, it appears that women are more likely to move up from VMBO-G/T than men (39 percent against 36 percent). This difference between women and men is greater than average among the Dutch-Moroccan and Dutch-Turkish second generations. Of the Dutch-Moroccan second generation, 45 percent of women and 33 percent of men moved up. Among the Dutch-Turkish second generation, this involved 43 percent of women and 33 percent of men. Women also progressed more often than men at other school levels. This difference was greatest among the Dutch-Moroccan and Dutch-Turkish second generations.
Men less often have a basic qualification
At the age of 28, men more often have no basic qualification from vmbo-g/t than women (11 percent against 8 percent). This difference between men and women is greater among the Dutch-Moroccan and Dutch-Turkish second generations. 22 percent of Dutch-Moroccan men had no basic qualifications, compared with 8 percent of women. Among the Dutch-Turkish second generation, this concerned 16 percent of men against 8 percent of women without basic qualifications. At the other school levels, too, men obtained a basic qualification less often than women, and the difference between men and women was greatest among the Dutch-Moroccan and Dutch-Turkish second generations.
6 percent of 28-year-old men left; they obtained a diploma at a lower level than expected. This was slightly lower for Dutch-Moroccan and Dutch-Turkish men. Women left slightly less often. In total, 3 percent of 28-year-old women dropped out during their school career. Among women of Dutch-Moroccan and Dutch-Turkish descent, 2 percent dropped out.