Vittorio Emanuele I da Duca • The News Agenda
TURIN – Vittorio Emanuele I lived between 1759 and 1824. It was Duke of Savoy and King of Sardinia. Vittorio Emanuele was known from birth as the Duke of Aosta. From 1792 to 1796, his father had taken an active part in the struggle of the old powers against the revolutionary forces in France but was fought and forced to peace. The old king died shortly after and in December 1798 his eldest son and successor, Carlo Emanuele IV, had to face a French occupation and finally the annexation of his continental territories. Carlo Emanuele and his family were forced to retire to Sardinia. Carlo Emanuele abdicated the throne in favor of his younger brother. Aosta ascended the throne on June 4, 1802 as Vittorio Emanuele I. He ruled Sardinia from Cagliari for the next twelve years, during which he constituted the Carabinieri, a body of the Gendarmerie, which still exists today as one of the main branches of the Italian army.
THE RETURN TO TURIN
Vittorio Emanuele was able to return to Turin only in 1814, his kingdom reconstituted by the Congress of Vienna, with the addition of the territories of the former Republic of Genoa. The latter became the seat of the Sardinian Navy. Vittorio Emanuele abolished all the freedoms granted by the Napoleonic Codes and restored a fiercely oppressive government. He restored the Royal Constitutions of Vittorio Amedeo II and the Jus commune, strengthened the customs barriers, refused to grant a liberal constitution. He entrusted education to the Church and reintroduced labor and judicial laws that discriminated against Jews and Waldensians. He nurtured expansionist ambitions in Lombardy, where anti-Austrian nationalist sentiments were expressed, largely promoted by the bourgeoisie. This led to the conflict with Austria.
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COUNTY: Umberto I – Oddone I – Umberto II – Amedeo III – Umberto III – Thomas I – Amedeo IV – Amedeo V – Aimone – Amedeo II.
Duchy: Amedeo VII – Amedeo VIII – Ludovico – Amedeo IV – Carlo I – Filippo II – Carlo II – Emanuele Filiberto – Carlo Emanuele I – Vittorio Amedeo I – Carlo Emanuele II.
KINGDOM OF SARDINIA: Vittorio Amedeo II, Carlo Emanuele III.
THE KINGDOM OF SICILY – Vittorio Amedeo III – Vittorio Emanuele I – Tommaso I – Emanuele Filiberto – Vittorio Amedeo I – Luigi Vittorio I – Vittorio Amedeo II – Carlo Emanuele I – Carlo Alberto I.
KINGDOM OF ITALY
Vittorio Emanuele II – Umberto I – Vittorio Emanuele III – Umberto II.
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