Vienna Cammarota has arrived in Trieste. Tomorrow he will leave Italy
Vienna Cammarota has arrived in Trieste, now it is ready to leave Italy and continue its journey on foot to China.
“At 7 pm I will be on Radio Due Rai. Now I am in Trieste and I had the opportunity to visit the Miramare Castle, but also the Museum of Antiquity with an exhibition dedicated to Egypt, the Church of S. Giusto and Santa Apollinare. Trieste is a city that history speaks of suffering and rhythm. I would like to recall the sacrifice of Italian refugees and all of whom lost their lives in the sinkholes. Tomorrow I will leave Italy and most likely I will go to Valico Fernetti and enter Slovenia around 9 am, but I am still carrying out further assessments. I am about 100 kilometers from Ljubljana where I expect to arrive no earlier than Wednesday 4th May. I started filming with the Go – pro and will try to download the video images as soon as possible. I read about the struggle they are having in Venice to avoid the passage of cruise ships in St. Mark’s Square and it is a battle that I fully share because we must protect the Italian environmental and cultural heritage “.
Trieste is the multicultural city where the Italian geology intersects with the cultural and historical heritage of the territory and here is the narration: “Trieste is in the northernmost part of the Upper Adriatic, between the Italian peninsula and Istria, a few kilometers from the border with Slovenia in the historic region of Venezia Giulia. For centuries it has represented a bridge between Central and Southern Europe
Venezia Giulia is an Italian historical-geographical region, located in the extreme north-east of the Italian peninsula, between the Julian Alps and the Adriatic Sea, including the lands between the Gulf of Trieste, the Gulf of Rijeka and the Carso, a rocky plateau limestone to the Dinaric Alps – said Rosario Santanastasiogeologist and National President of Archeoclub D’Italia – which stretches between the north-east of Italy, Slovenia and Croatia.
There are many waterways present such as: the Timavo, the Rosandra stream, the Ospo stream and others less known but no less relevant from a hydrogeological, historical and naturalistic point of view. Many of them flow underground in the Julian city covered by the road surface.
To the south of the city flows the Rio Ospo, which marks the geographical border with Istria. In addition, the modern city area between the railway station, the sea, via Carducci and Piazza Borsa, Borgo Teresiano, was built in the 18th century after the burial of the previous salt pans by order of the Empress Maria Teresa of Austria. Trieste is known for its history but also for the Bora katabatic wind of east / north-east origin, which blows with particular special intensity towards the Upper and Middle Adriatic which in Trieste wedges itself from the hinterland, channeling along the low passes that opens between the mountains behind the city, to descend to the inhabited center and the gulf of the same name “.
In Trieste there is the OGS
“The National Institute of Oceanography and Experimental Geophysics is located in Trieste. It is a research institute known throughout the world, a great excellence of Italy! And it is a public research body with an international vocation that operates and develops its mission in the European Research Area – Santanastasio continued – and internationally with priority reference to the sectors of basic and applied research in: Oceanography (physics, chemistry and biological), Geophysics and Marine geology, Experimental and exploration geophysics. Therefore, an international level institute that uses its skills in the field of Earth, Sea and Polar Areas Sciences to not only increase and disseminate knowledge but also practical resolution of environmental problems.
Using the research vessel OGS Explora, the National Institute of Oceanography and Experimental Geophysics of Trieste works to safeguard and enhance natural resources and the environment, to assess and prevent geological, environmental and climatic risks, to produce its own knowledge and scientific culture, also in collaboration with similar European and international institutes, with high tech industries and with qualified companies “.
Trieste and its great scientific and historical culture
“Trieste was one of the major centers of Italian irredentism. As a consequence of the third Italian war of independence, which led to the annexation of Veneto to the Kingdom of Italy, the Austrian imperial administration, throughout the second half of the nineteenth century, increased the interference on the political management of the territory to mitigate the influence of the Italian ethnic group fearing the aforementioned irredentist currents, even reaching ascendants. In particular, during the meeting of the Council of Ministries on November 12, 1866, the emperor Francesco Giuseppe I d’Austri outlined a wide-ranging project aimed atGermanization or Slavicizationareas of the Empire with the aim of eradicating the Italian ethnic group. |
In 1909 the use of the Italian language was forbidden in all public buildings and all Italians were excluded from municipal administrations and municipal companies. Trieste was involved in the Croatization process of Venezia Giulia
On November 4, 1918, at the end of the First World War, which saw Italy victorious, the Italian Royal Army entered Trieste under the command of General Carlo Petitti di Roreto, acclaimed by that part of the population who had Italian feelings, such as the declared a state of occupation and a curfew.
After the First World War, the Italian troops militarily occupied the part of Dalmatia promised to Italy by the Pact of London – Santanastasio concluded – secret agreement signed on April 26, 1915, stipulated between the Italian government and the representatives of the Triple Entente, with which Italy undertook to go to war against the central empires in exchange for substantial territorial remuneration which was not fully declared in the subsequent treaty of Versailles of 1919, which was instead signed at the end of the conflict.
The development of fascism in Trieste was precocious and rapid.
With the signing of the Treaty of Rapallo in November 1920, Trieste definitively passed to Italy, incorporating in its provincial territory the area of the former Princely County of Gorizia and Gradisca, Istria and Carniola.
The entry into the war of Italy alongside Germany, in June 1940, entailed for Trieste, as for the rest of Italy, grief and hardships of all kinds, which worsened in the following years, with the continuation of the conflict. The invasion of Yugoslavia, in the spring of 1941, rekindled the Slovenian and Croatian resistance in Venezia Giulia, especially starting from 1942. The synagogue of Trieste was attacked and damaged. The war events and, in defeating cases, a deliberate terrorist policy of the German and Italian occupation troops towards the people subjected to Slovenians and burned to their dominion with villagers, decimations, indiscriminate killings of civilians, together with the opening of concentration camps for Slavs on the Italian territory where thousands of innocent people lost their lives, they fed hatred with all the consequences experienced by the city of Trieste and by the entire Venezia Giulia during and after the Second World War. Therefore Trieste is a national, indeed a European, heritage ”.