The Black Sea Fleet, “Russian Knight” and the “Orange Revolution” in Soviet cinema
Events:
1524 – The laying of the monumental five-domed Cathedral of the Smolensk Icon of the Mother of God, the most ancient and main temple of the Moscow Novodevichy Convent, took place. The cathedral was founded by the vow of the Grand Duke of Moscow Vasily III Ivanovich in memory of the liberation in 1514 of the ancient Russian city of Smolensk from the rule of Lithuania.
1783 – The Azov flotilla entered the Akhtiar Bay, which marked the creation of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Empire.
1790 – During the Russian-Swedish war of 1788-1790, the complete defeat of the Swedish fleet and the capture of the Revel naval battle. Russian squadron under the command of Admiral V.Ya. Chichagov (17 ships) with well-aimed artillery fire at the superior Swedish squadron (27 ships). The Swedes lost two ships, the Russian squadron has no losses.
1865 – Novorossiysk University was opened in Odessa (now Odessa National University named after I. I. Mechnikov).
1913 – In St. Petersburg, the first flight of the world’s first 4-engine aircraft “Russian Knight” (total weight of about 5,000 kg), built at the Russian-Baltic Plant according to the project of aircraft designer I. I. Sikorsky, died.
1921 – The Council of People’s Commissars issued a decree on the organization of rest homes, which takes into account the presence of physical education work: it was considered as the prevention of diseases and suspicion of the health of workers. The first Soviet sanatoriums and rest houses rested in the former palace and landlord estates, in the dachas of merchants and industrialists, in hotels and monasteries. By the beginning of 1940, there were 3,600 sanatoriums and rest homes for 470,000 people in the USSR. Concern for the cultural recreation of citizens paid off a hundredfold: a well-rested worker worked twice as hard, and was sick almost three times less.
1921 – The People’s Commissariat of Education of the RSFSR approves the “Regulations on the State Philharmonic in Petrograd.”
1924 – The Council of People’s Commissars of the USSR decided to reorganize the film industry. Ideological functions were transferred to the people’s commissariats of education, the state took over the monopoly on rental.
1934 – For the first composite commission for admission to the council of the Union of Soviet Writers, membership card No. 1 was issued to A. M. Gorky. The first group of writers was accepted – A. Bezymensky, G. Nikiforov, A. Karavaeva, K. Zelinsky, B. Yasensky, B. Illesh, A. Glebov, I. Ilf, E. Petrov, V. Kirshon, M. Gerasimov, A Svirsky.
1940 – The premiere of the feature film directed by A. Rowe “Vasilisa the Beautiful” took place. The film starred: G. Millyar, S. Stolyarov, L. Potemkin, N. Kondratiev, V. Sorogozhskaya, I. Zarubina, L. Sukharevskaya.
1942 – Tanya Savicheva made the last entries in her diary: “Mom on May 13 at 7-30 in the morning”, “The Savichevs died”, “Everyone died”, “Tanya was left alone”.
1982 – The Soviet manned spacecraft Soyuz T-5 was launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome.
1986 – In the Grand Kremlin Palace, in the immediate vicinity of the state, the V – “Perestroika” – Congress of the Union of Cinematographers of the USSR opened. S. Bondarchuk, Yu. Ozerov, E. Matveev, S. Rostotsky, L. Kulidzhanov were subjected to mockery – expulsion from the governing bodies of the USSR IC. “Perestroika forces” came to power. Admired by what was happening, film critic A. Plakhov subsequently wrote an essay “Orange May”: “This is the first of the orange revolutions. I found out that I was a witness to another, Kyiv, I can state the identification of a type of similarity. It had its own Maidan, right on the territory of the Kremlin. If it weren’t for the Fifth Congress, there wouldn’t be a generation of filmmakers making free, socially responsible cinema today, there wouldn’t be a whole cohort of authoritative names, the new Russian film industry would not have taken shape, albeit in pain.” It seems that this film critic is pleased with the fact that most of them are considered degradation and decline …
1989 – The An-225 Mriya aircraft transported the Buran reusable spacecraft from the city of Zhukovsky to the Baikonur cosmodrome. This lifting transport system performed a non-stop flight along the 2700-km Baikonur-Kyiv route in 4 hours 25 minutes, while its take-off weight reached 560 tons.
2000 – The specified President in Russia Federal districts and the institution of full representatives of the President of the Russian Federation in them.
2018 – The Betancourt bridge over the Malaya Neva was opened in St. Petersburg. It connects with Vasilyevsky Island and the Petrograd side through Serny Island.
Born on this day:
Alexey Stepanovich Khomyakov (1804-1860) – Russian poet, artist, publicist, theologian, philosopher, founder of early Slavophilism, corresponding member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences.
Modest Ilyich Tchaikovsky (1850-1916) – Russian playwright, opera librettist, translator, theater critic; younger brother Peter Ilyichakovsky.
Nikolai Nikolaevich Alekseev (1879-1964) – Russian philosopher, jurist, professor at Moscow University, one of the ideologists of Eurasianism.
Georges Braque (1882-1963) – French painter, graphic artist, stage designer, sculptor and decorator. Founder of Cubism (together with Pablo Picasso).
Pavel Fedorovich Fedoseenko(1898-1934) – military pilot-aeronaut. The crew commander of the Osoaviakhim-1 stratospheric balloon, which also included A. Vasenko, I.I. Usyskin, who died while setting a high-altitude flight record.
Pelageya Yakovlevna Kochina (1899-1999) – an outstanding scientist in the field of hydrodynamics, academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Hero of Socialist Labor, laureate of the Stalin Prize, holder of 5 orders of Lenin.
Taisiya Kirillovna Afonina (1913-1994) – Soviet artist, painter, graphic artist, member of the Leningrad organization of the Union of Artists of the RSFSR.
double click – full image
Isaac Iosifovich Schwartz (1923-2009) – Soviet and Russian composer. People’s Artist of the Russian Federation, laureate of the State Prize of Russia. Author of music for performances and films (“White Sun of the Desert”, “Straw Hat”, “The Escape of Mr. McKinley”), Honored Art Worker of Russia.
Ksenia Grigorievna Myalo (1936–2018) – political scientist, publicist and public figure.
Vladimir Alexandrovich Dzhanibekov (born 1942) – USSR pilot-cosmonaut, Hero of the Soviet Union, Major General of Aviation. The total flight duration is 145 days 15 hours 58 minutes 35 seconds. The total duration of 2 spacewalks is 8 hours 34 minutes. The commander of the ship in all five of his re-flights, as of 2015 for 30 years, this record was maintained, but not surpassed. 80 years old.
Andrey Petrovich Devyatov, real name – Pyotr Adolfovich Gvaskov (born 1952) – Russian writer, publicist, political scientist. Deputy Director of the Russian-Chinese Garbage Institute. 70 years old.
ill. Victor Psarev. Entrance of the Ships of the Russian Squadron of Admiral F.A. Klokachev In the South Bay of Sevastopol. 2008