Beach baths appeared in Budapest more than 100 years ago
The Festetics Palace on Pollack Mihály tér was a special location in the capital in the past not only because it was one of the first to be built on the way to becoming a big city, but also because it was one of the rare buildings in which the XIX. In the second half of the century, a domestic chapel was also built. And this not only served the purposes of religious devotion, but a wedding ceremony was also held in it. The building, located in the former tycoon quarter, hosted a wedding reception twice.
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The first omnibus, i.e. passenger car, left Pest on July 1, 1832. He connected two coffee houses, one in the Városliget, the other in the City Center, the main goal of the business was to increase the traffic of the Városliget coffee house. Omnibuses were part of the Budapest street scene for nearly a hundred years.
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When it was completed, it was one of the capital’s architectural attractions. Many citizens of Buda and Pest, and even visitors from the countryside or abroad, were curious to see what the complex of buildings looked like, which became one of the defining institutions of public education from 1872 and remained so for almost 100 years.
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The collapsed roof structure of the apartment building on Jókai and Aradi streets injured several people, and there was also significant material damage to a parked car, as bricks, pieces of plaster and other building materials fell from a height of nearly twenty meters. The unfortunate accident drew attention to the building itself, which was built in the 19th century. a sophisticated creation of the end of the century.
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Hungarian folk art plays a major role in the magical interiors of the Szentháromság square palace of the Hungarian Royal Ministry of Finance. At the time of its construction – the XX. at the very beginning of the 20th century – because the national feeling was on fire in our country, which was expressed in the language of architecture by reviving the people’s ancient decorative motifs. A Ministry of Finance is important in every country, but is the spirit of the given nation reflected on the walls elsewhere? By presenting some European examples, we are looking for the answer to whether this type of building was built based on this concept elsewhere.
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It was an old dream to build a tunnel between Pest and Buda under the Danube, the idea dates back to the 19th century. stirred the imagination of designers in the 20th century. But the first such construction took place only in the 1930s, namely on the northern border of Budapest, at Szentendrei Island. This tunnel was not yet used for traffic, because water pipes were laid through it. Drilling began ninety years ago.
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He was a popular figure on the streets of Pest, whose buses and trams stopped, whom passersby were casually addressed, and who enjoyed being known by everyone. In his humor sketches, novels, short stories, and poems, the city to which he belonged often appears, and he painted a nuanced, often caricatured, picture of its inhabitants. Frigyes Karinthy lived his life in coffee houses, wrote his huge oeuvre at the tables of Hadik, New York and Centrál.
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Archaeologists last worked 25 years ago in the courtyard of the downtown Károlyi Palace at Károlyi utca 16, the site of the Petőfi Literary Museum. At that time, among other things, an XI-XII century cemetery, 23 graves, a XIII. century village detail and the stone cellar and food storage of a Turkish house. Excavations are now continuing again.
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The construction of the Hungarian National Museum began 185 years ago. Alfalfa was previously grown on the suburban plot, which was purchased for the museum in 1813. The Parliament voted a huge sum of HUF 500,000 for the construction, and the first hoe was cut on June 22, 1837.
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Count Géza Batthyány in the XIX. At the end of the 20th century, he decided to build a replica of the famous Florentine Renaissance building, the Strozzi Palace, which was already hundreds of years old, as his own home in Budapest. He found the plot for his plan at number 13, today’s Teréz körút, and commissioned Alajos Hauszmann to implement it. Even today, anyone can inspect the house from the outside, but only a few people know what this luxurious manorial palace looked like from the inside. In our video, we show what remains of the palace’s lavish interiors.
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The construction of Budapest’s largest church took a very long time in accordance with its size, and it took up the 19th century. the second half of the century, and even the XX. it also extended a little into the century. It was finished in 1905, but forty years later it could be erected again: the II. his World War injuries had to be repaired. However, the renovation turned into an even bigger problem, as a result of an accidental fire, the entire dome burned down.
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The Southern railway station has been serving railway traffic since 1861. Since its opening, the current one is already the third station building. The most interesting was the second building, it was handed over 60 years ago, in 1962, and it stood as the original for just 13 years. This is the first “modern South” we remember.
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Everyone is equally interested in creating and maintaining good transport. During Budapest’s nearly 150 years, many concepts have come to light that help or enrich our transportation options: should there be a funicular railway leading up to Gellért Hill? Should there be a pedestrian bridge on the Danube somewhere? Should the Hungária ring road be two-story? The exhibition that opened on June 21 at the new location of the Transport Museum, in the Diesel Hall of the Northern Vehicle Repair Center, undertakes to present the transport development visions that have not been realized, but have successfully reached the planning table.
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Between today’s Vörösmarty tér and József palatán tér, on the site of the Gerbeaud confectionary and its surroundings, a very valuable plot of land stretched. 240 years ago, the Harmincadhivatal (Customs House) was built here, which after 70 years was deemed old-fashioned and demolished. After that, several people wanted to utilize the area, Count István Széchenyi would have built the National Casino, and the city of Pest would have built the new town hall on the site. The plot was finally divided into four parts in the XIX. century. The houses built here are still valuable pieces of the architectural heritage of the city center.
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95 years ago, hikers in Buda were surprised to discover on Svábhegy that their favorite century-old tree had disappeared from one moment to the next. From June 19, 1927, the hiking spot was no longer the same as before without the beech tree called Normafa.
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András Mechwart died exactly 115 years ago, who created the corporate giant that defined Hungarian industry for decades, the Ganz factory, from a company of a few hundred people. Originally, the main factory was located in Buda, in the area between today’s Bem József utca and Ganz utca, from where it expanded to Kacsa utca, Fény utca, and then to its locations in Pest. Today, the memory of the factory is kept by the Ganz Ábrahám Öntödei Collection at Bem József utca 20, and in front of András Mechwart, who flourished the factory, the II named after him. with the district square and the bust shown here, it pays tribute to posterity.
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The huge apartment building in downtown Pest, at the junction of Károly körút and Dohány utca, will soon undergo renovation works: it will be restored to the II. It demolished its characteristic towers after World War II. From a cityscape point of view, it is a highly important building, which, in addition to the interesting roof elements, also features large-scale reliefs. The huge facade of the house dates back to the 20th century. a very high-quality work from the beginning of the century.
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The first National Theater, built in 1837, stood at the corner of Rákóczi út and Múzeum körút in present-day Astoria. The facade of the classicist building was completely rebuilt in 1875, and a huge apartment building was built next to it. A few years later, the audience in Pest could witness something that few people had seen at the time: the introduction of electric lighting. With this, the National Theater became the third theater in the world, and its stage and auditorium were lit in this way.
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From alms and loans, the nuns of the Poor Clares built their monastery at today’s Szerb utca 21 – Királyi Pál utca 1–3 in nearly fifty years. under number XVIII. century. The baroque core of the three-courtyard monastery, built in a closed row, preserves the wall remains of a medieval ruined church. After the dissolution of the nunnery, a priest’s boarding school, hospital, prison, and then the Royal Pawnshop of Pest operated in the complex, which was remodeled several times. Demolition of the XX. it arose twice in the 19th century, but luckily it survived: today the monument houses the institutions of ELTE.
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Alajos Hauszmann is starting to come into the public consciousness again in recent years, based on his reputation to such a degree that his life’s work is worthy of him. The expansion of the royal palace and the creation of its surroundings were the pinnacle of his work – that’s why the current building reconstruction program is named after him – but his architectural oeuvre is much more varied and extremely rich. On the occasion of the 175th anniversary of his birth, we are attempting to present the most important works of Alajos Hausz, created for the people of Budapest, of course.
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It could have been Villamosszék, Sétahinta, János Páros, Égibusz: more than ten thousand suggestions to name it. In the end, the jury decided in favor of Libegő. It has been transporting passengers between Zugliget and János-hegy since 1970. Traveling on open, two-seater chairs, you can overcome the 260-meter difference in level between the two termini, the cableway is supported by 17 huge steel pillars. There was a honeymoon here, an advertisement for Trapper jeans, and this rare means of transport appears in many films.
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The Városliget has been a favorite excursion spot for the people of Pest for more than two hundred years, where people tired of walking and boating always stood before the gates of some restaurants. The golden age of Liget fell on the millennium: nearly six million visitors came to the 1896 millennium exhibition, and accordingly, the catering also switched to a higher level.
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Do you know where Burgerberg or Feldhut or Reiche Reid can be found in Buda? In fact, if you are told that you have to travel to Dreihotter, no one thinks of getting on the 21 bus. The districts of Buda today bear beautiful, sonorous and sometimes ancient-sounding Hungarian names, but this has only been the case since 1847, when almost all areas in Buda were renamed at once. This was the famous vineyard baptism.
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István Széchenyi worked for years to introduce the horse races known in England to his country. Already in 1821, he developed the horse racing regulations, and in 1822 he applied for permission to hold horse races. Bratislava was the first to receive this in 1826, and in 1827 he was able to hold the competition in Pest as well.
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Alajos Hauszmann, who was born 175 years ago, was remembered on Thursday in the Fiumei út cemetery. He was the designer of the Kossuth Square Royal Mansion, the New York Palace, the central building of the University of Technology, and the expansion and reconstruction of the Royal Palace, but many public buildings, private houses and villas in Budapest were built according to his plans. Through his work as a teacher, he had a significant impact on Hungarian architecture at the turn of the century.
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Ágoston Pollack, the son of Mihály Pollack, an outstanding creator of classicist architecture, designed many public and private buildings in Pest and Buda. Most of them have already been demolished and rebuilt, many of their plans have only survived as documentation. Ágoston Pollack collaborated with Miklós Ybl and his father, working together with the latter, for example, on the expansion of Szent Rókus Hospital. Ágoston Pollack’s activities and judgment were pushed into the background in the shadow of his father’s masterpieces, even though seeing his plans we can say that he was one of the famous architects of his time.
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The Hungarian capital became the clear symbol of the Austro-Hungarian compromise, as a result of which Ferenc József was crowned king of Hungary 155 years ago, on June 8, 1867, in the Church of Our Lady of the Assumption in Budapest. In the following decades, Budapest developed into a world city, so it was obvious that a series of multi-day celebrations were also held on the 25th and 40th anniversaries of the crowning. Triumphal gates were built, the cannons of the Citadel fired ceremonial shots, there was a military parade, a torchlight parade, fireworks and a serenade, and hundreds of thousands of people thronged the streets.
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The Danube is an important trade route to this day, but in the XIX. In the first half of the 20th century, the navigable waterway had an even greater responsibility. Among other things, salt was transported here, and a Salt Office was erected on the Danube bank in Pest for storage and the administration of related taxes. To the south of it, in the building of the Thirtieth Office, customs affairs for commercial goods could be handled. However, the development of the city forced their demolition, and the József palatine square was built in their place.
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