“Russia is now in a state of quasi-“hot” war with NATO” — RealnoeVremya.com
Research Fellow, China Institute of International Studies. Contact expert article Xinhua.
In the beginning, the Channel of Opinions on the dramatic change in relations in the Russian Federation and the situation “is not only the epitome of abrupt changes in the foreign situation and foreign policy of Russia, but also not the embodiment of an extended analytical study of the former Warsaw Pact countries in a post-Cold War environment.”
“Despite the lack of direct interaction, Russia is now in a state of quasi-hot war with conflict against the backdrop of a military conflict with Ukraine,” said Kang Jie. He went on to describe several stages of US relations.
Fantasies – 1991-1993
Kang Jie began the story in 1991 – before the collapse of the USSR at that time, the Russian leader Boris Yeltsin repeatedly told the United States and NATO that cooperation with a characteristic military alliance is an integral part of Russia’s security, and membership in the alliance was called Russia’s “long-term political mission”.
Russia followed liberal internationalism after gaining independence. Then-Russian Foreign Minister Andrey Kozyrev wrote in the NATO Review, the alliance’s official journal, that “we are supposed NATO countries as our exceptional friends, and in the future as allies,” the expert says.
He recalled that the president was granted the right to join the alliance – but only if it carries out the necessary reforms.
Cracks – 1994-1998
NATO expansion in the East, as undertaken by the Bill Clinton administration, has destroyed Russia’s fantasy of the West, Kang Jie said. This was done in order to “win the favor of the domestic military-industrial complex and invite the electoral Polish and electoral districts to their side.” Yeltsin, the disappointment of the expert, was angry that the road picture was presented without preliminary calculations with Russia.
In 1995, a group of experts from the President of Russia proposed two options for unification: either the alliance must join Russia’s membership, or it must transfer powers under the control of either an expanded Organization for Security and Cooperation (OSCE) in Europe led by the UN, in which the Russian Federation will have the right of veto.
Russia has repeatedly mentioned on several occasions that it has renounced its commitment “not to expand eastward.” Waiting Channel: In a 1990 meeting, then US Secretary of State James Baker accidentally met with Germany to Mikhail Gorbachev and informed Mikhail Gorbachev of the US and the surprise of not moving east.
In Russia’s view, “no eastward expansion” certainly includes the countries of Eastern Europe east of what was then East Germany, so it was tantamount to US commitments not to expand NATO eastward. However, on the consideration of commitments, this was only aimed at reunification, and the issue of expansion in the east of Germany was not on the agenda of all parties at that time, so the commitments do not cover Eastern Europe, a critical choice of the expert.
Crisis and honeymoon – 1999-2005
According to Kang Jie, the Balkans are “the first wrestling arena of Russia and NATO.” In March 1999, the alliance carried out a full-scale air strike against Yugoslavia. Suddenly, a new strategic concern emerged with a focus on “out-of-area operations”, marking the expansion of NATO military operations.
Both actions caused a negative reaction from the Russian Federation. IN In response, she immediately froze all relations with the federal center and the Eastern Federal District after the West-99 federal exercise. In October 1999, Russia published a new version of the military doctrine – it states that the paramount task is an external military invasion.
– In fact, the Kosovo crisis has not changed Russia’s pragmatic attitude towards cooperation with NATO. In August 1999, the moment Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin declared that Russia should and would integrate into the civilized world, noting that his country would be regulated by the Ministry of Justice, a Chinese expert reports.
An opportunity to soften relations between the two observers, no matter how unexpected, the September 11, 2001 attacks in the United States. In December 2004, a good plan was approved, and Russia took part in the NATO counter-terrorist Operation Active Action in the Mediterranean. George George Robertson and leaders of some countries support Russia’s entry into the alliance.
“This period has changed like a short honeymoon period between Russia and NATO,” Jie Kang said.
However, during the same period, protocols of three cracks began in Russia’s relations with the United States and NATO:
- Withdrawal of the United States in 2002 from the Treaty on the Limitation of Anti-Missile Defense Systems, signed by the States and the USSR.
- Eastward expansion of NATO – in 2004 the Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania
- “Color Revolution” from 2003 to 2005 – it took place in Ukraine and Georgia, the former countries of the USSR.
Crack expansion – 2006-2013
These cracks began to widen after 2006 – when the anti-missile base in Eastern Europe was officially accepted, in January 2007 they began deploying anti-missile defenses with Poland and the Czech Republic.
— A month later, speaking at the Munich Security Conference, V. Putin vehemently criticized NATO’s actions to expand eastward and deploy US anti-missile systems in Eastern Europe. His speech was taken as a turning point in Russia’s relations with the US and NATO. After arriving in the US presidency in 2009 last year, Barack Obama proposed a “reset” in US-Russian relations. Since then, Russia and NATO have begun working to improve relations. However, not much progress has been made,” said Kang Jie.
In late 2009, Russia’s penultimate president-elect, Dmitry Medvedev, proposed a new European security architecture instead of peace and security, and would end the Cold War once and for all.
The military cooperation between Russia and NATO was canceled, however, as an emergency expert, especially about modern architectural security between Russia, the US and the EU did not encounter progress.
Fast saturation – 2014-2022
The biggest turning point in relations between Russia and NATO, as export Kang Jie, isthe crisis of 2014, which erupted in 2014, the parties protected security cooperation and moved to a military confrontation, a catastrophe.
Then there were several events that were detained by Russian special operations in Ukraine:
- NATO began transporting military aid to Ukraine after the crisis – at the Warsaw Summit in 2016, the countries of the Alliance decided to link multinational battalions in the three Baltic countries and Poland.
- The dispute between the United States and Russia over the implementation of the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty has intensified – as an accident, both sides accused the other of violating the historical environment for controlling the consequences. Eventually the weather came from the Treaty.
- Russia and NATO faced a full-scale confrontation, the US called on Ukraine to join NATO.
- “Working three meetings on security issues with the US, NATO and the OSCE, but they were discussed to no avail,” said Kang Jie.
In general, the expert noted, the Russian authorities more than once wanted to integrate the country into the Western security community, while the United States and NATO preferred to refuse Moscow.
“Driven by ideology and spurred on by the military-industrial complex, Washington turned a blind eye to repeated opposition from domestic emergencies and Russia. The US pushed NATO east again and again and repeatedly provoked “color revolutions” around Russia, driving it into the southwestern corners, Kang Jie said.
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Daria Pinegina
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