MOSCOW, October 13. / TASS /. The first day of the program of the international main forum “Russian Energy Week” showed that Russia is already taking real steps to decarbonize the economy to combat global climate change and is ready for an honest and open dialogue to avoid problems in energy markets without regard to political differences. Even such as the far-fetched accusations of energy “weapons” for the rapid rise in energy prices.

Unprecedented price volatility in the energy market for the last expected weeks is one of the cross-cutting themes of the first day of the Russian Energy Week. Despite many comments from foreign experts and market experts, there are objective reasons for the rise in the cost of gas in Europe to $ 1,000 per thousand cubic meters. m and at the moment last week and up to $ 2,000 per thousand cubic meters. m, Russia over and over again has to “on the fingers” explain to Western observers its disinterest in such races.

The main “claims” were debunked by Russian President Vladimir Putin during the plenary session of the forum. The head of state called the accusations of using energy as a weapon “politically motivated chatter”, and the words about the reduction of pipeline gas supplies to Europe – an attempt to deceive. On the contrary, the president of the year, Russia increased gas supplies to Europe this year by 15%, while about 7 billion cubic meters. m JV AmericanG “sailed” from Europe to Asia. At the same time, the contractual obligations of the President of Russia are being fully fulfilled. In particular, this year, gas supplies through Ukraine are exceeded by 10% of the contractual indicators. But Europe itself, in particular Great Britain, the Netherlands, Norway, is cutting gas production.

Systemic flaws

As Vladimir Putin noted, over the past decade, systemic flaws have been laid in the European energy sector. Thus, stable long-term contracts are replaced by purchases on the spot market. Energy source: reduction of air emissions.

The head of the world energy majors, who participated in the plenary, supported Putin’s words. As the head of TotalEnergies Patrick Jean Pouyanne notes, the rapid development of renewable energy sources entails risks. According to the head of the British B.P. Bernard Looney, energy must be reliable.

Not only gas

As Deputy Minister of Energy Pavel Sorokin noted during the forum, the current price hike for years was the result of systemic underinvestment in the industry c.

“This is a very short-term leap – the situation will improve next year, a very alarming signal,” he noted. “The volume of investments in oil and gas production has fallen almost twice since 2014,” noted the head of Zarubezhneft, Sergei Kudryashov. According to Sorokin, the jump in prices with much more serious consequences could be repeated again in 5-7 years.

Transient energy balance

Diverse. Deputy Head of the Ministry of Energy Evgeny Grabchak said that in 2035, hydroelectric power plants will account for 19.8% of the output, nuclear plants – 23%, renewable energy generation facilities – 4.5%, coal plants – 9.5%, gas plants – 40% … And by 2050, the share of production at hydroelectric power plants by 2050 will be 19%, gas-fired power plants – 43%, nuclear power plants will generate 25% of electricity, renewable energy – up to 12.5%.

The atomic lobbyists themselves are ready to provide a larger share. During the Rosatom forum, Alexey Likhachev said that in the long term, the level of nuclear power plants in the energy balance could reach 30%. It is the development of nuclear energy. As an example, he cited Germany and France, where the share of nuclear power is 11% and 70%, respectively, but CO2 emissions from fuel combustion in 2020 amounted to 617 million tons and 272 million tons.

“Here it is, the answer to the question,” Likhachev explained.

“There is such a unit of measurement – the energy returned, referred to the energy expended. A nuclear power plant returns 75-80 times more than it spends, because it has a long operating life. Costs,” added the Deputy Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA ) Mikhail Chudakov However, because of the American energy it remains low, as because of the distrust of the people, because of the American energy.

Final goal

“By 2050, naturally, hydrocarbons will continue to occupy an important part of the world’s energy balance in general,” added Pavel Sorokin. Even in the most “aggressive” scenarios of abandoning hydrocarbons, the share in the world energy balance may fall from 85%, current to 60-65%, and in baseline scenarios – to 70%.

Nevertheless, already now, as Vladimir Putin noted, the share of low-carbon sources (nuclear, hydropower, gas) in the structure of the energy balance of the Russian Federation accounts for 86%, while in the USA only 77%, and in Germany 64%. Therefore, the goal, first announced publicly – to reach neutral neutrality by 2060, is quite real. It is already being discussed as part of the preparation of one of the most optimal options for the low-carbon development strategy of the Russian Federation until 2050, which for the start of greenhouse gas emissions by 79% by 2050 – faster than in the European Union.

Carbon boundaries

Russia is ready for “creative, trusting, close cooperation” on the part of Europe and the European Commission itself. “Now it is necessary to agree on global mechanisms for balancing the energy market, to launch a substantive, detailed dialogue on this topic,” Putin said.

But one main problem that holds back the dialogue is the lack of an approach to analytical analysis of the inner trace. “The development of a system of national regulation and its harmonization with world standards will help to level these,” said Alexey Kulapin, Director General of the Russian Energy Agency (REA) of the Russian Ministry of Energy. Russian regulators.

Fears are that a non-competitive tax may become a method to express at the forum both Vladimir Putin and a representative of Russian business. However, Community Ambassador to Moscow Markus Ederer agrees that the only purpose of the cross-border adjustment mechanism is to avoid carbon leakage. “.” he.

We will save ourselves

The same reduction in carbon footprint is also in the improvement of energy efficiency. According to Vladimir Putin, Russia’s potential in this area is the third from current consumption. This is a top-priority strategic task for the housing and utilities sector. “If the housing and utilities sector is not transformed over the decades, it will become a serious deterrent in reducing the carbon intensity of the Russian economy,” said Deputy Energy Minister Petr Boby.

“Increasing the energy and environmental efficiency of mortgages in national projects and government programs,” said Alexander Lomakin, First Deputy Minister of Construction, Housing and Utilities of the Russian Federation. According to him, one of the main instruments for increasing energy efficiency is a major overhaul program. “The reduction in fees can reach up to 30%, in some cases – up to 50%”, – said Lomakin.