Strasbourg, Grande-Île and Neustadt – UNESCO World Heritage Center
Strasbourg, Grande-Île and Neustadt
The initial property, inscribed on the World Heritage List in 1988, consisted of the Grande-Île, the historic center of Strasbourg, structured around the cathedral. The extension concerns the Neustadt, new town, designed and built under the German administration (1871-1918). the Neustadt draws inspiration for its urban layout partly from the Haussmannian model, while adopting an architectural language of Germanic inspiration. This double influence allowed the creation of an urban space specific to Strasbourg, where the perspectives created around the cathedral open onto a unified landscape around rivers and canals.
The description is available under CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0 license
Strasbourg, Grande-Île and Neustadt
The initial property, inscribed on the World Heritage List in 1988, is made up of the Grande-Île, the historic center of the city of Strasbourg, structured around the cathedral. The extension concerns the Neustadt, a new town designed and built under German administration (1871-1918). In its urban composition, the Neustadt is partly inspired by the Haussmannian model, while adopting an architectural vocabulary of Germanic inspiration. This dual influence has made it possible to create an urban plan specific to Strasbourg, where the perspectives created from the cathedral open onto a unified landscape organized around rivers and canals.
The description is available under CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0 license
اسبورغ: الجزيرة الكبرى حتى نويشتات (امتداد لموقع
الموقع الأساسي ائمة التراث العالمي عام 1988 ان البداية يتألف الجزيرة الكبرى ، اسبورغ التاريخي ، الكائن حول الكاتدرائيّة. 1871-1918. ات الإلهام ا الحضري للنموذج الهوسماني العناصر المعماريّة الألمانية مبانيها. هذا التأثير المزدوج إيجاد ستراسبورغ المشاهد التي صممت حول الكاتدرائيّة لى مشهد موحّد حول الأنهر والقنوات.
source: UNESCO / ERI
The description is available under CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0 license
Estrasburgo, Gran Isla y Neustadt
El sitio inicial, registered in 1988 on the Lista del Patrimonio Mundial, esta formado por la llamada Gran Isla, esto es, el centro histórico de Estrasburgo estructurado en torno a su catedral. The extension encompassed the Neustadt, o “Ciudad Nueva”, construida bajo la administración alemana between 1871 and 1918. The urban plan of the Neustadt was inspired in part by the modelo “haussmaniano” francés, aunque adopted a vocabulario arquitectónico semejante al alemán. Esta doble Franco-German influence ha desembocado in an urban esquema específicamente estrasburgués, in that las perspective trazadas desde la catedral configuran a singular landscape estructurado in torno a los cursos fluviales y canales that discurren por la ciudad.
source: UNESCO / ERI
The description is available under CC-BY-SA IGO 3.0 license
Strasbourg, Grande Île en Neustadt
Het initiële gebied, dat sinds 1988 op de Werelderfgoedlijst staat, wordt gevormd door het Grande Île, het historische centrum van Straatsburg dat gestructureerd is rondom de kathedraal. Het Grande Île wordt omringd door twee armen van de rivier de Ill. Het is het historisch centrum van de hoofdstad van de Elzas. Het heeft veel indrukwekkende monumenten binnen een vrij klein gebied. De gotische kathedraal, de vier oude kerken en het Paleis Rohan – voormalige residentie van de prins-bisschoppen – zijn allesbehalve op zichzelf staande monumenten. Ze vormen samen een wijk die kenmerkend is voor een middeleeuwse stad en die de evolutie van Straatsburg illustratesert van de 15th tot de 18th eeuw. De uitbreiding van deze werelderfgoedsite in 2017 omvat de Neustadt, de nieuwe stad, die ontworpen en gebouwd is toen de stad onder Duits bewind stond (van 1871-1918). De Neustadt is voor wat betreft layout geïnspireerd op het stadsmodel van Haussman, terwijl de gebouwen een duidelijk Duits architecturaal idioom spreken. Deze dubbele invloed zorgde voor een stedelijke ruimte die zeer specifiek is voor Straatsburg, perspective waarven die zijn gecreëerd rondom de kathedraal zich openen tot één verenigd landschap rond de rivieren en grach.
Source: unesco.nl
Outstanding Universal Value
Brief synthesis
The Grande-Île and the Neustadt form an urban ensemble characteristic of Rhine Europe, with a structure centered on the cathedral, a major masterpiece of Gothic art. Its distinctive silhouette dominates the old bed of the Rhine and its man-made waterways. The perspectives created around the cathedral give rise to a unified urban space and shape a distinctive landscape organized around rivers and canals.
French and Germanic influences allowed the composition of a specific urban space combining constructions reflecting the great significant periods of European history: Roman Antiquity, Middle Ages and Rhine Renaissance, French classicism of the 18th century, then the 19th and early 20th centuries. centuries which saw the emergence of a modern city, capital and symbol of the new German state.
Criterion (ii): French and Germanic influences have shaped the Grande-Île and Neustadt. They have allowed the emergence of a unique expression from both cultures, conveyed in particular in the fields of architecture and town planning. The cathedral, influenced by the Romanesque art of the East and the Gothic art of the kingdom of France, is also inspired by Prague, in particular for the construction of the spire. It is a model that acted as a vector of Gothic art in the east. the Neustadt, A modern city forged from Haussmannian influences, a model of town planning, also embodies the theories of Camillo Sitte.
Criterion (iv): The Grande-Île and the Neustadt in Strasbourg are a typical example of a European Rhine city. Integrated into a medieval urban fabric with respect for the original ancient fabric, the private Renaissance-style residences built between the 15th century and the end of the 17th century form a unique set of domestic Rhine architecture, inseparable from the exceptional Gothic cathedral . In the 18th century, classical French architecture became dominant, as evidenced by the Palais Rohan, built by the king’s architect, Robert de Cotte. From 1871, the face of the city was profoundly modified by the construction of an ambitious urban planning project, leading to the emergence of a modern and functional city, emblematic of the technical advances and of the hygiene policies that were emerging in the world. turn of the 19th century. The private and public buildings of the urban complex bear witness to a political, social and cultural change, the city passing from the status of a free city of the Holy Empire to that of a free city of the Kingdom of France, before becoming the regional capital.
Integrity
The unique landscape of Strasbourg, dominated by the silhouette of the cathedral, has been preserved to this day. The cathedral is well preserved and integrated into an intact medieval plot system. It continues to dominate the cityscape as it did during its construction. Over the centuries, the renewal of the structure built on Grande-Île has respected the primitive plot system, while including public and private buildings that represent a synthesis of French and Germanic influences, testifying to the evolution of the architecture of the 15th century to today.
The siege of 1870 and the bombings of 1944 gave rise to occasional reconstructions, which were however carried out with respect for the urban fabric and the existing volumes. Only the Grande Percée, linking the new station to the port of Austerlitz in the first half of the 20th century, led to a deliberate restructuring of the urban fabric. The modernization and sanitation of the historic center were carried out in a spirit of continuity and respect for the urban qualities of the site. the Neustadt was designed in a spirit of functional complementarity and landscape continuity with the historic center. The property as a whole has retained all the attributes of the different chronological stages which contribute to its Outstanding Universal Value.
Authenticity
The urban ensemble of Grande-Île and Neustadt has been well preserved, in a state of materials close to its original state, and its townscape has largely retained its characteristics. The facades of the Place du Château have retained their original appearance, and the Place de la République and the imperial axis their monumental character. The large public buildings of the Neustadt have retained their original size, physical quality and materials.
The vast majority of modern buildings have been built with respect for the ancient urban fabric. Near the Vauban dam, 20th century works, such as the General Council building and the Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art, have little impact on the urban landscape. At the same time, recent urban development projects within the boundaries of the property have allowed its preservation and enhancement, while facilitating its adaptation to new use values. The uses of the buildings of the property have been well preserved, in particular with regard to amenities, shops and housing. In the Neustadt, the restructuring and rehabilitation of major facilities (National and University Library, Palais de Justice and Palais des Fêtes) comply with current construction standards, while respecting the heritage value of the buildings. The town planning documents, drawn up with remarkable continuity since the 19th century, have facilitated the conservation of buildings within the boundaries of the property, and have led to exceptional continuity in the urban landscape.
Protection and management requirements
The cathedral has been listed as a historic monument since 1862 and its maintenance is the subject of an agreement between the French State and the Fondation de l’Oeuvre Notre-Dame. On the territory of the property, 170 other buildings or parts of buildings are protected by the status of historical monument, and thus benefit from the control of the heritage services of the French State.
The safeguarded sector created in 1974 has been the subject of a revision-extension procedure since 2011. It now covers the entire extended property and focuses on the preservation of the building, the urban landscape and the landscape quality of the river and banks. The protection of the property depends largely on the plan to safeguard and enhance the protected area.
The property benefits from a management system whose main partners are the State, the City of Strasbourg and the Eurometropolis. This mechanism, the funding of which is shared, is based on French legislation, and in particular the heritage, town planning and environmental codes.
The Grande-Île management plan approved by City Council in 2013 covers all aspects of urban management: knowledge, conservation, enhancement and transmission. The local housing plan aims to maintain social diversity and limit the vacancy rate of unoccupied housing within the property. The urban transport plan makes it possible to reduce the importance given to the car, by encouraging pedestrians and cyclists. Since 1989, the establishment of a tram network has been accompanied by a restructuring of the public space and the establishment of pedestrian streets. The terraces charter, the public space occupancy regulations and the local advertising regulations reflect the efforts for a harmonious use of public space.
Finally, in accordance with the action plan of the Grande-Île and the Neustadt, various actions have been taken to improve the appropriation of the Outstanding Universal Value by all, by developing mediation tools, in particular within the framework of the City of Art and History label, and by improving accessibility for all.